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White Wines are typically aged for less time than reds. As there is no skin, they feature less antioxidant properties than red wines and are susceptible to rot and or having their flavors muted over time.
Red Wines can have huge variance in the proper drinking age of each wine as well. This starts with grape varietal and harvest but wine never stops aging and therefor can be impacted well after bottling. Thicker skinned grapes or grapes high in tannin will often have a period where they are good to drink but before their prime. After harvest, winemakers often have different maturation processes for their wine before bottling. This can impact the time needed to reach mature age from bottling.
How you store wine is also key, wine has feelings. It can experience too much light, too high variance in temperature, and bottle shock. Why? Because, the wine is still fermenting and too much movement or interaction with the outside world can impact this process. It's best to store your wine at a consistent temperature, horizontally, and in an area where it doesn't see too much light.
I often find it beneficial to discuss with winemakers when they project their wine will be best for drinking as some will be ready upon bottling and some will need 5-7 years. Lastly, wine can be overaged and fall over the hill or go bad if stored improperly or for too long.
Tannins are a blanket name for the chemical compounds that impact the color, aging ability, and texture of wine. Tannins can be found most anywhere in nature but are common in unripe fruit and thicker skin grapes. They are not detectable by taste but instead can be observed through their interaction with certain proteins in the wine and in you. You can detect them in your wine by noticing your saliva. High tannin wines will increase the amount you salivate and may taste more bitter. They serve as a natural preservative of wine and can help wine's flavor profile improve over time as the tannins and bitterness fade away.
Tannins have antioxidant qualities which have cardiovascular benefits like help lowering your cholesterol, lowering blood pressure, and stimulating your immune system.
High tannin foods include: Dark Chocolate, Coffee, Tea.
Simply put, not every grape varietal has the same skin. Thicker skinned grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon feature more tannins than a thinner skinned grape like Pinot Noir. Higher tannin wines can typically age longer than their counterparts.
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